bs-0199R [Primary Antibody]
GFAP Polyclonal Antibody
www.biossusa.com
[email protected]
800.501.7654 [DOMESTIC]
+1.781.569.5821 [INTERNATIONAL]
DATASHEET

Host: Rabbit

Target Protein: GFAP

Immunogen Range: 51-150/432


Clonality: Polyclonal

Isotype: IgG

Entrez Gene: 2670

Swiss Prot: P14136

Source: KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human GFAP

Purification: Purified by Protein A.

Storage Buffer: 0.01M TBS(pH7.4) with 1% BSA, 0.02% Proclin300 and 50% Glycerol.

Storage: Shipped at 4°C. Store at -20°C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.

Background:

GFAP, a class-III intermediate filament, is a cell-specific marker that, during the development of the central nervous system, distinguishes astrocytes from other glial cells.

Size: 100ul

Concentration: 1ug/ul

Applications: WB(1:300-5000)
ELISA(1:500-1000)
FCM(1:20-100)
IHC-P(1:200-400)
IHC-F(1:100-500)
IF(IHC-P)(1:50-200)
IF(IHC-F)(1:50-200)
IF(ICC)(1:50-200)
ICC(1:100-500)

Predicted Molecular Weight: 48


Cross Reactive Species: Human
Mouse
Rat
Others

Predicted Cross Reactive Species: Dog
Cow
Sheep
Pig
Rabbit

For research use only. Not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

PRODUCT SPECIFIC PUBLICATIONS
  • Zhao, Hongyu, et al. "Mice deficient in Epg5 exhibit selective neuronal vulnerability to degeneration." The Journal of Cell Biology (2013).Read more>>
  • Zhao, Yan G., et al. "The p53-induced gene Ei24 is an essential component of the basal autophagy pathway." Journal of Biological Chemistry 287.50 (2012): 42053-42063.Read more>>
  • Xiang, Yanxiao, et al. "Anti-inflammatory Effect of Acetylpuerarin on Eicosanoid Signaling Pathway in Primary Rat Astrocytes."Journal of Molecular Neuroscience(2013): 1-9Read more>>
  • Hu, Minghui, et al. "Neuroprotection effect of Interleukin?\17 secreted by reactive astrocytes is emerged from a high?\level IL?\17?\containing environment during acute neuroinflammation."nical & Experimental Immunology (2013).66..Read more>>
  • Liu, Yang, et al. "A Simple Method for Isolating and Culturing the Rat Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells." Microvascular Research (2013).Read more>>
  • Xiang, Yanxiao, et al. "Anti-inflammatory Effect of Acetylpuerarin on Eicosanoid Signaling Pathway in Primary Rat Astrocytes."Journal of Molecular Neuroscience(2013): 1-9Read more>>
  • Fan, Lixing, et al. "Directed differentiation of aged human bone marrow multipotent stem cells effectively generates dopamine neurons." In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Animal (2013): 1-9.Read more>>
  • Zuo, Daiying, et al. "Existence of glia mitigated ketamine-induced neurotoxicity in neuron-glia mixed cultures of neonatal rat cortex and the glia-mediated protective effect of 2-PMPA." Neurotoxicology (2014).Read more>>
  • Ma, Benyu, et al. "Dapper1 promotes autophagy by enhancing the Beclin1-Vps34-Atg14L complex formation." Cell Research (2014).Read more>>
  • Shan, Chun-Lei, et al. "High Efficiency Intracellular Transport of Cationic Peptide Stearate for Gene Delivery in Tumor Cells and Multipotent Stem Cells." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 10.11 (2014): 3231-3243.Read more>>
  • Du, Wenzhong, et al. "Targeting the SMO oncogene by miR-326 inhibits glioma biological behaviors and stemness." Neuro-Oncology (2014): nou217.Read more>>
  • Zhao, Yan G., et al. "The autophagy gene Wdr45/Wipi4 regulates learning and memory function and axonal homeostasis." Autophagy (2015).Read more>>
  • Mori, Miki, et al. "Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1α Plays a Crucial Role Based on Neuroprotective Role in Neonatal Brain Injury in Rats." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16.8 (2015): 18018-18032.Read more>>
  • Sweeney, Patrick, et al. "Activation of hypothalamic astrocytes suppresses feeding without altering emotional states." Glia (2016).Read more>>
  • Yan, Yu-hui, et al. "Osthole Protects Bone Marrow-Derived Neural Stem Cells from Oxidative Damage through PI3K/Akt-1 Pathway." Neurochemical Research (2016): 1-8.Read more>>
  • Liao, Wei-Tao, et al. "The effect of celastrol on learning and memory in diabetic rats after sevoflurane inhalation." (2016).Read more>>
  • Song, Eric, et al. "Surface chemistry governs cellular tropism of nanoparticles in the brain." Nature Communications (2017)Read more>>
  • Hu. et al. Levo-Corydalmine Alleviates Neuropathic Cancer Pain Induced by Tumor Compression via the CCL2/CCR2 PathwayRead more>>
  • Liang et al. Scorpion ethanol extract and valproic acid effects on hippocampal glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in a rat model of chronic-kindling epilepsy induced by lithium chloride-pilocarpine. (2012) Neural.Regen.Re. 7:426-33Read more>>
  • Farah et al. Tau accumulations in the brains of woodpeckers. (2018) PLoS.One. 13:e0191526Read more>>
  • Liao et al. The effect of celastrol on learning and memory in diabetic rats after sevoflurane inhalation. (2018) Arch.Med.Sci. 14:370-380Read more>>
  • Zhang,et al.Interferon-γ Promotes Neuronal Repair by Transplanted Neural Stem Cells in Ischemic Rats.(2018) Stem Cells and Development. 27:355-366.Read more>>
  • Esaki,et al.ASC amino acid transporter 2, defined by enzyme-mediated activation of radical sources, enhances malignancy of GD2-positive small-cell lung cancer.(2018) Cancer Science. 109:141-153.Read more>>
  • Zhong,et al.Protective effect of adenovirus-mediated erythropoietin expression on the spiral ganglion neurons in the rat inner ear.(2018) International Journal of Molecular Medicine. 41:2669-2677.Read more>>
  • Zhang X et al.Neuroprotective effects of matrix metalloproteinases in cerebral ischemic rats by promoting activation and migration of astrocytes and microglia.(2018) Brain Res Bull. Nov 13.Read more>>
  • Lu et al. Autophagy activator promotes neuronal differentiation of adult adipose-derived stromal cells. (2013) Neural.Regen.Res. 8:882-9Read more>>
  • Yao Q et al.Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides Improve Retinopathy in Diabetic Sprague-Dawley Rats.(2018)Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.Nov 15;2018:7943212. Read more>>
  • Xiang Y et al. Inhibition of sPLA. sub. 2-IIA Prevents LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation by Suppressing ERK1/2-cPLA. sub. 2 [alpha] Pathway in Mice Cerebral Cortex.PLoS One. 2013 Oct 9;8(10):e77909. Read more>>
  • Iwasa T et al. IL-10 and CXCL2 in trigeminal ganglia in neuropathic pain.Neurosci Lett. 2019 Jun 11;703:132-138. Read more>>
  • H Mu et al. HCMV-encoded IE2 induces anxiety-depression and cognitive impairment in UL122 genetically-modified mice. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2019;12(11):4087-4095.Read more>>
  • Sun Z et al. Glioblastoma Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Enhance Stemness and Tumorigenicity of Glioma Cells by Transferring Notch1 Protein. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2019 Dec 18. Read more>>
  • Sun Z et al. Glioblastoma Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Enhance Stemness and Tumorigenicity of Glioma Cells by Transferring Notch1 Protein. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2019 Dec 18. Read more>>
  • Chen J et al. Modulation of activated astrocytes in the hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus to prevent ventricular arrhythmia complicating acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol. 2020 Jun 1;308:33-41.Read more>>
  • Kong F et al. Forsythoside B attenuates memory impairment and neuroinflammation via inhibition on NF-B signaling in Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation. 2020 Oct 15;17(1):305.Read more>>
  • Tian L et al. Blockade of adenosine A1 receptor in nucleus tractus solitarius attenuates baroreflex sensitivity response to dexmedetomidine in rats. Brain Res. 2020 Sep 15;1743:146949.Read more>>
  • Yu D et al. MOF-encapsulated nanozyme enhanced siRNA combo: Control neural stem cell differentiation and ameliorate cognitive impairments in Alzheimer's disease model. Biomaterials. 2020 Oct;255:120160.Read more>>
  • Dingkang Xu. et al. Sphingosine\1\phosphate receptor 3 is implicated in BBB injury via the CCL2\CCR2 axis following acute intracerebral hemorrhage. 2021 Feb 28Read more>>
  • Xue Wang. et al. Engineered liposomes targeting the gutCCNS Axis for comprehensive therapy of spinal cord injury. J Control Release. 2021 Mar;331:39Read more>>
  • Zhenting Huang . et al. Anti-Cognitive Decline by Yinxing-Mihuan-Oral-Liquid via Activating CREB/BDNF Signaling and Inhibiting Neuroinflammatory Process. 2021 Jan 27Read more>>
  • Gui-Long Zhang. et al. Effect of conditioned medium from neural stem cells on glioma progression and its protein expression profile analysis. World J Stem Cells. 2020 Nov 26; 12(11): 1396C1409Read more>>
  • Fange Kong. et al. Forsythoside B attenuates memory impairment and neuroinflammation via inhibition on NF-B signaling in Alzheimers disease. J Neuroinflamm. 2020 Dec;17(1):1-15Read more>>
  • Nan Wang. et al. Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Induces Hippocampus-Dependent Cognitive Alterations by Impairing Astrocytes in Euthyroid Mice. 2020 Oct 12Read more>>
  • Miao Zhao. et al. The DJ1-Nrf2-STING axis mediates the neuroprotective effects of Withaferin A in Parkinsons disease. Cell Death Differ. 2021 Mar;:1-19Read more>>
  • Mikin R. Patel. et al. Astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles promote synapse formation via fibulin-2-mediated TGF- signaling. Cell Rep. 2021 Mar;34:108829Read more>>
  • Wei Tang. et al. Macrophage membrane-mediated targeted drug delivery for treatment of spinal cord injury regardless of the macrophage polarization states. Asian J Pharm Sci. 2021 ApRead more>>
  • Min Ai. et al. 1,25(OH)2D3 attenuates sleep disturbance in mouse models of Lewis lung cancer, in silico and in vivo. 2021 Jun 01Read more>>
  • Zhixiong Li. et al. Recovery of post-stroke cognitive and motor deficiencies by Shuxuening injection via regulating hippocampal BDNF-mediated Neurotrophin/Trk Signaling. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Sep;141:111828Read more>>
  • Li Gao. et al. Baicalein Delays H2O2-Induced Astrocytic Senescence through Inhibition of Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), Suppression of JAK2/STAT1/NF-B Pathway, and Regulation of Leucine Metabolism. Acs Chem Neurosci. 2021;12(13):2320C2335Read more>>
  • Yanjing Zhu. et al. Deep learning-based predictive identification of neural stem cell differentiation. Nat Commun. 2021 May;12(1):1-13Read more>>
  • ing-Chun Liu. et al. Global Transcriptional Analyses of the Wnt-Induced Development of Neural Stem Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan;22(14):7473Read more>>
VALIDATION IMAGES

Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded rat brain; Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with GFAP Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by a conjugated secondary (bs-0295G-AF594) at 1:500 for 90 minutes and DAPI staining of the nuclei.


Formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded: human placenta tissue labeled with Anti-GFAP Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:800, followed by conjugation to the secondary antibody Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG, Cy3 conjugated (bs-0295G-Cy3) used at 1:200 dilution for 40 minutes at 37°C


Formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded: rat brain tissue Anti-GFAP Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:400, followed by conjugation to the secondary antibody and DAB staining


Image provided by One World Lab validation program. A549 cells probed with Rabbit Anti-GFAP Polyclonal Antibody (bs-0199R) at 1:50 for 60 minutes at room temperature followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Alexa Fluor 488 Conjugated secondary antibody.


RSC96 cells probed with GFAP Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:100 for 30 minutes followed by incubation with a conjugated secondary (PE Conjugated) (green) for 30 minutes compared to control cells (blue), secondary only (light blue) and isotype control (orange).


U251 Cells lysates probed with GFAP Polyclonal Antibody, unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:300 overnight at 4°C followed by a conjugated secondary antibody at 1:10000 for 60 minutes at 37°C.


Image provided by One World Lab validation program. MCF-7 cells probed with Rabbit Anti-GFAP Polyclonal Antibody (bs-0199R) at 1:200 for 60 minutes at room temperature followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Alexa Fluor 488 Conjugated secondary antibody.\n


Formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded mouse spinal cord stained with GFAP Polyclonal Antibody (bs-0199R) at 1:100 dilution. (a) Sham group; (b) Tumor group; (c) l-CDL 5 mg/kg group; (d) l-CDL 10 mg/kg group; (e) l-CDL 20 mg/kg group; (f) O&A 1&65 m/kg group (g) l-THP 20 mg/kg group. B Graph showing the mean fluorescence intensity for GFAP.


Astrocytes were stained with GFAP polyclonal antibody (bs-0199R). Expression of GFAP expression (red) in activated astrocytes as visualized by fluorescence microscope. The blue staining represents DAPI. (a) control; (b) treated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL); (c) TNF-α (10 ng/mL) + l-CDL (3 μM); (d) TNF-α (10 ng/mL) + l-CDL (10 μM); (e) TNF-α (10 ng/mL) + l-CDL (30 μM).


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded Rat brain; Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with GFAP Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, DAB staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded Mouse brain; Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with GFAP Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, DAB staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded Rat cerebellum; Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with GFAP Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, DAB staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded Mouse cerebellum; Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with GFAP Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, DAB staining.


Tissue/cell:U-251 cell; 4% Paraformaldehyde-fixed; Triton X-100 at room temperature for 20 min; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum, C-0005) at 37°C for 20 min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) 1:100, 90 minutes at 37°C; followed by a FITC conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG antibody at 37°C for 90 minutes, DAPI (blue, C02-04002) was used to stain the cell nuclei.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded Mouse brain; Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with GFAP Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, DAB staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded Human brain glioma; Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with GFAP Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, DAB staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded Human brain; Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with GFAP Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, DAB staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (mouse brain); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:500 overnight at 4°C, followed by a conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG antibody (YF488) for 90 minutes, and DAPI for nuclei staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (mouse cerebellum); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:500 overnight at 4°C, followed by a conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG antibody (YF488) for 90 minutes, and DAPI for nuclei staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (rat cerebellum); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:300 overnight at 4°C, followed by a conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG antibody (YF488) for 90 minutes, and DAPI for nuclei staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (rat brain); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:500 overnight at 4°C, followed by a conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG antibody (YF488) for 90 minutes, and DAPI for nuclei staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (human brain); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:500 overnight at 4°C, followed by a conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG antibody (YF488) for 90 minutes, and DAPI for nuclei staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (mouse cerebellum); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by a conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG antibody (bs-0295G-FITC) for 90 minutes, and DAPI for nuclei staining.


U87MG cells were fixed with 4% PFA for 10min at room temperature,permeabilized with 90% ice-cold methanol for 20 min at -20℃, and incubated in 5% BSA blocking buffer for 30 min at room temperature. Cells were then stained with GFAP Polyclonal Antibody(bs-0199R)at 1:100 dilution in blocking buffer and incubated for 30 min at room temperature, washed twice with 2%BSA in PBS, followed by secondary antibody incubation for 40 min at room temperature. Acquisitions of 20,000 events were performed. Cells stained with primary antibody (green), and isotype control (orange).


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (rat brain); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (mouse brain); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (rat cerebellum); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (mouse cerebellum); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (mouse brain); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining.


Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (rat brain); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (GFAP) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (bs-0199R) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Rabbit) (sp-0023) instructionsand DAB staining.